CAUSATION AND RACE

Causation and Mental Causation

How the mind of a human being can determine the bodily spirits [i.e., the fluids in the nerves, muscles, etc.] in producing voluntary actions, being only a thinking substance. For it appears that all determination of movement is produced by the pushing of the thing being moved, by the manner in which it is pushed by that which moves it, or else by the qualification and figure of the surface of ...

A causation coefficient and taxonomy of correlation/causation relationships

This paper introduces a causation coefficient which is defined in terms of probabilistic causal models. This coefficient is suggested as the natural causal analogue of the Pearson correlation coefficient and permits comparing causation and correlation to each other in a simple, yet rigorous manner. Together, these coefficients provide a natural way to classify the possible correlation/causation...

Causation and disease: effect of technology on postulates of causation.

This paper reviews the technical developments in microbiology that led to the discovery of new infectious agents and the effect of these discoveries on establishing proof of causation. In bacteriology, these advances included the light microscope, bacterial stains, bacterial cultures, and the methods used to isolate clones. In virology, they involved the use of filters to separate viruses from ...

Race and Race Theory

Regression and Causation

In both linear and nonlinear multiple regression, when regressors are correlated the existence of an unmeasured common cause of regressor Xj and outcome variable Y may bias estimates of the influence of other regressors, Xk; variables having no influence on Y whatsoever may thereby be given significant regression coefficients. The bias may be quite large. Simulation studies show that standard r...